{"id":12465,"date":"2013-09-12T21:19:00","date_gmt":"2013-09-12T19:19:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.igmg.org\/?p=12465"},"modified":"2015-02-16T12:23:25","modified_gmt":"2015-02-16T11:23:25","slug":"karma-ya%c2%bczme-dersi-federal-aedare-mahkemesiaenin-kararae%c2%b1-ayaayae%c2%b1rtmasa-da-hukuki-aa%c2%a7ae%c2%b1dan-anlaayae%c2%b1lmasae%c2%b1-ma%c2%bcmka%c2%bcn-deaeyil","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.igmg.org\/tr\/karma-ya%c2%bczme-dersi-federal-aedare-mahkemesiaenin-kararae%c2%b1-ayaayae%c2%b1rtmasa-da-hukuki-aa%c2%a7ae%c2%b1dan-anlaayae%c2%b1lmasae%c2%b1-ma%c2%bcmka%c2%bcn-deaeyil\/","title":{"rendered":"Karma Y\u00fczme Dersi: Federal \u0130dare Mahkemesi&#8217;nin karar\u0131 \u015fa\u015f\u0131rtmasa da, hukuki a\u00e7\u0131dan anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fil"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>&#8220;Federal \u0130dare Mahkemesi&#8217;nin karma y\u00fczme dersiyle alakal\u0131 vermi\u015f oldu\u011fu karar bir\u00e7ok sebepten \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fc makul de\u011fildir. Bununla birlikte verilen karar\u0131n \u015fa\u015f\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131 oldu\u011fu da s\u00f6ylenemez. Zira bu karar son y\u0131llarda s\u0131k\u00e7a \u015fahit olunan, tan\u0131m\u0131 kesin olarak yap\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f bir entegrasyon politikas\u0131 ad\u0131na M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n din\u00ee \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklerini k\u0131s\u0131tlamaya y\u00f6nelik geli\u015fmeleri do\u011frular nitelikte bir karard\u0131r. Federal \u0130dare Mahkemesi de varolan bu gidi\u015fata sorgulamaks\u0131z\u0131n boyun e\u011fmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<p>Aksi takdirde hakimlerin bu karar\u0131 verirken 1993 senesinde yine kendi belirledikleri esaslar\u0131 yok saymalar\u0131n\u0131 ba\u015fka ne \u015fekilde a\u00e7\u0131klayabiliriz? O zaman mahkeme, \u0130slam dinine mensup 12 ya\u015f\u0131ndaki bir k\u0131z \u00f6\u011frencinin zorunlu okul dersleri kapsam\u0131nda sunulan karma y\u00fczme derslerinden Kur&#8217;an&#8217;da belirtilen \u00f6rt\u00fcnme esaslar\u0131na ters d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gerek\u00e7esiyle muaf tutulma iste\u011fini hakl\u0131 bularak, \u00f6\u011frencinin, ders cinsiyete g\u00f6re ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir \u015fekilde sunulmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 m\u00fcddet\u00e7e derse girmeme \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn bulundu\u011funu, aksi takdirde bir vicdan \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 ya\u015fayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n<p>O zamandan beri din ve vicdan h\u00fcrriyeti d\u00fczenlemesiyle ilgili daha \u00f6nce verilmi\u015f olan bu yarg\u0131 karar\u0131ndan d\u00f6nmeyi gerektirecek herhangi esasl\u0131 bir de\u011fi\u015fiklik olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi, aksine din ve vicdan h\u00fcrriyeti daha sonra verilen kararlara da gerek\u00e7e olarak vurguland\u0131. O g\u00fcnden bug\u00fcne de\u011fi\u015fen tek \u015fey ise M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar ve \u0130slam hakk\u0131ndaki toplumsal alg\u0131 oldu.<\/p>\n<p>Bu durumda hakl\u0131 olarak \u015fu sorular akla gelmektedir: Devlet, velilerin anayasa taraf\u0131ndan garanti alt\u0131na al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131 yeti\u015ftirme haklar\u0131na m\u00fcdahele etme ve \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131n din\u00ee e\u011fitimiyle alakal\u0131 bir konuda veliler ad\u0131na karar alma yetkisine sahip midir? Yine devlet, M\u00fcsl\u00fcman bir \u00f6\u011frencinin makul bir \u015fekilde ortaya konan vicdan \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131, toplumsal ger\u00e7eklere ters d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gerek\u00e7esiyle bir kenara atabilir mi? Devlet, kendi e\u011fitme ve koruma g\u00f6revinden yola \u00e7\u0131karak, velilerin \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131 ne derece dindar yeti\u015ftirebileceklerini belirledi\u011fi taktirde anayasal d\u00fczenin \u015fiddetle reddetti\u011fi ideolojik bir devlet \u015feklini alm\u0131\u015f olmaz m\u0131? Ve devlet belli bir ya\u015fam tarz\u0131n\u0131, ideal ya\u015fam tarz\u0131 olarak \u00f6ne s\u00fcrebilir mi?<\/p>\n<p>B\u00fct\u00fcn bunlar\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda \u015fu ger\u00e7ekler ve sorular da kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r: Bayvera Eyaleti&#8217;nde \u00f6\u011frencilerin %93,2&#8217;sine spor ve y\u00fczme dersi k\u0131z-erkek ayr\u0131 olarak veriliyorken, bu oran Baden-W\u00fcrttemberg&#8217;te % 88, 3&#8217;\u00fc, Saksonya&#8217;da ise %73&#8217;\u00fc buluyor. PISA ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131na g\u00f6re bu durumun okul ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131 \u00fczerinde de negatif bir etkisi bulunmamaktad\u0131r. Bu rakamlar kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda, &#8216;Karma y\u00fczme dersine evet mi, hay\u0131r m\u0131&#8217; sorusunun M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlardan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olarak ele al\u0131nmas\u0131 ve tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekmiyor mu? Fakat bu ger\u00e7ekliklere kimsenin ilgi g\u00f6stermedi\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor. Bu da verilen kararda anayasal bir de\u011ferlendirmeden ziyade, M\u00fcsl\u00fcman ve \u0130slam dinine y\u00f6nelik son y\u0131llarda dozunu art\u0131ran ideolojik ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel dayanakl\u0131 s\u00f6ylemlerin etkili oldu\u011fu intibas\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7lendiriyor.<\/p>\n<p>Federal hakimlerin burkini olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan giysiyle istemeyerek y\u00fczme dersine kat\u0131lman\u0131n \u00f6\u011frenciler \u00fczerinde yol a\u00e7abilece\u011fi psikolojik tahribat hakk\u0131nda kafa yormam\u0131\u015f olmalar\u0131 da b\u00fct\u00fcn bu sorular\u0131 g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda \u015fa\u015f\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131 de\u011fil.&#8221;\u009d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0130slam Toplumu Mill\u00ee G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f (IGMG) Genel Ba\u015fkan Yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 Mustafa Yenero\u011flu, Federal \u0130dare Mahkemesi&#8217;nin M\u00fcsl\u00fcman bir k\u0131z \u00f6\u011frencinin karma y\u00fczme derslerinden muaf tutulmak istemiyle a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 davaya ili\u015fkin 11 Eyl\u00fcl 2013&#8217;te ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 kararla ilgili olarak bir a\u00e7\u0131klama yapt\u0131. Mahkemenin M\u00fcsl\u00fcman k\u0131z \u00f6\u011frencinin zorunlu oldu\u011fu takdirde burkini ile karma y\u00fczme dersine kat\u0131labilece\u011fi y\u00f6n\u00fcnde verdi\u011fi kararla ilgili olarak Yenero\u011flu \u015fu ifadelerde bulundu: &#8220;Federal \u0130dare Mahkemesi, M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar ve \u0130slam hakk\u0131nda kamuoyuna hakim olan negatif alg\u0131 ve s\u00f6ylemlerin etkisiyle 1993 y\u0131l\u0131nda kendi belirledi\u011fi ilkelerden vazge\u00e7mi\u015ftir. Zira bu rota de\u011fi\u015fiminin ba\u015fka bir a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131 olamaz. Mahkeme, temel haklar\u0131 \u00e7i\u011fneme pahas\u0131na tam olarak ne oldu\u011fu a\u00e7\u0131k bir \u015fekilde tan\u0131mlanmam\u0131\u015f entegrasyon politikas\u0131na boyun e\u011fmi\u015ftir.&#8221;\u009d Yenero\u011flu, yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamay\u0131 \u015fu \u015fekilde s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fc:<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0},"categories":[23244,23262,1],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.igmg.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12465"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.igmg.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.igmg.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.igmg.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.igmg.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12465"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.igmg.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12465\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.igmg.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12465"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.igmg.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12465"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.igmg.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12465"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}