{"id":8662,"date":"2010-01-14T11:51:00","date_gmt":"2010-01-14T10:51:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.igmg.org\/?p=8662"},"modified":"2015-02-16T10:46:27","modified_gmt":"2015-02-16T09:46:27","slug":"almanya-ma%c2%bcsla%c2%bcmanlarae%c2%b1nae%c2%b1n-kurumsallaaymasae%c2%b1-ile-ilgili-ilk-toplantae%c2%b1-kerpende-yapae%c2%b1ldae%c2%b1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.igmg.org\/tr\/almanya-ma%c2%bcsla%c2%bcmanlarae%c2%b1nae%c2%b1n-kurumsallaaymasae%c2%b1-ile-ilgili-ilk-toplantae%c2%b1-kerpende-yapae%c2%b1ldae%c2%b1\/","title":{"rendered":"Almanya M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n\u0131n kurumsalla\u015fmas\u0131 ile ilgili ilk toplant\u0131 Kerpen&#8217;de yap\u0131ld\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span lang=\"TR\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span lang=\"TR\"><\/span>Toplant\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f konu\u015fmas\u0131nda IGMG Genel Sekreteri O\u011fuz \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc M\u00fcsl\u00fcman dini cemaatlerden beklentilerin her ge\u00e7en g\u00fcn art\u0131\u015f g\u00f6sterdi\u011fini kaydetti.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <\/p>\n<p>\u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc, eyaletlerdeki \u015furalar, \u00e7at\u0131 kurulu\u015flar\u0131 ve federal \u00e7apta koordinasyon yap\u0131lanmalar\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fturulmas\u0131 gibi geli\u015fmelerin, devletin \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fck etti\u011fi yuvarlak masa toplant\u0131lar\u0131 ve \u0130slam konferans\u0131na kat\u0131l\u0131mlar\u0131n ve de \u0130slam din dersleri gibi konular\u0131n, ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz y\u0131llarda hi\u00e7 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kadar, Almanya&#039;daki M\u00fcsl\u00fcman dini cemaatlerin ilgili yerlerde resmi temsillerini gerektirdi\u011fini belirtti.<\/p>\n<p>\u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc, bu noktada olas\u0131 problemli alanlar\u0131n ve sorunlar\u0131n, \u015fimdiye kadar \u0130slami ya\u015fam\u0131n kurumsalla\u015fmas\u0131 ve Almanya&#039;daki toplumsal ya\u015fama e\u015fit manada kat\u0131l\u0131m a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 veya hi\u00e7 bahsinin dahi ge\u00e7medi\u011fini s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n<p>Eyalet veya b\u00f6lge dernekleri baz\u0131nda konular\u0131n \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi ve i\u00e7inde bulunulan farkl\u0131 ko\u015fullar nedeniyle, \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki problemlere y\u00f6nelik ortak bir diyalog ortam\u0131n\u0131n gerekli oldu\u011funun alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izen \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc, bu nedenle &#8220;M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n kurumsalla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n gelece\u011fi&#8221;\u009d konulu bu \u00f6zel toplant\u0131 serisinin ilkine, alan\u0131nda aktif arkada\u015flar\u0131n davet edildi\u011fini ifade etti.<\/p>\n<p>\u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ayr\u0131ca yap\u0131lan bu \u00f6zel toplant\u0131lar\u0131n s\u00fcreklilik arz edece\u011fi ve bu toplant\u0131larda bir yandan pratik alanda edinilen tecr\u00fcbeler payla\u015f\u0131l\u0131rken, di\u011fer yandan gelecek i\u00e7in gerekli olan teorik altyap\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fturulaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 vurgulad\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Daha sonra s\u00f6z alan Bekir Alta\u015f sunumunda &#8220;devlet ve kilise ili\u015fkilerinin tarihi geli\u015fimine&#8221;\u009d de\u011findi. Alta\u015f, devletin dini tarafs\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n Avrupa&#039;daki reform hareketleri ve din sava\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n bir neticesi oldu\u011funu ortaya koydu. Reformasyonun asl\u0131nda dini birli\u011fi zedeledi\u011fini, din \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc getirmek yerine yaln\u0131zca dini d\u00fcalizmi getirdi\u011fini belirtti.<\/p>\n<p>Alta\u015f ayr\u0131ca Almanya&#039;da tarafs\u0131zl\u0131k ve din \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc konular\u0131nda a\u00e7\u0131klamalarda bulunarak, bunlar\u0131n 19. y\u00fczy\u0131ldan itibaren g\u00f6sterdikleri geli\u015fimlere de\u011findi. Almanya&#039;daki Devlet Kilise Hukuku\/Din Anayasa Hukuku dinamiklerine i\u015faret eden Alta\u015f, bu ba\u011flamda dini cemaatlerin kamu ya\u015fam\u0131na kat\u0131l\u0131mlar\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnde imk\u00e2n ve isteklerini dikkate alan yeni din anayasa hukuku sistemi olu\u015fturulmas\u0131 taleplerine dikkatleri \u00e7ekti.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <\/p>\n<p><span lang=\"TR\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span lang=\"TR\"><\/span>Mustafa Yenero\u011flu ise sunumunda &#8220;M\u00fcsl\u00fcman bir dini cemaatin \u00f6zellikleri ve g\u00f6revlerine&#8221;\u009d de\u011findi. Bu kavram \u00fczerinde \u00f6zellikle M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar aras\u0131nda yanl\u0131\u015f anla\u015f\u0131lmalar\u0131n oldu\u011funa i\u015faret eden Yenero\u011flu,&nbsp; dini cemaat olarak hukuki tan\u0131nma d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesinin yanl\u0131\u015f oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yledi. Yenero\u011flu bu kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n sebebinin Alman hukukunda &#8220;dini cemaat&#8221;\u009d kavram\u0131ndan anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekenin ne oldu\u011fu ve bir grubun dini cemaat olarak de\u011ferlendirilebilmesi i\u00e7in hangi \u015fartlar\u0131 yerine getirmesi gerekti\u011finin tespit edilmemesi olarak g\u00f6sterilebilece\u011fini belirtti.<\/p>\n<p>Buna g\u00f6re bir dini cemaat \u00fc\u00e7 \u00f6zelli\u011fi b\u00fcnyesinde bar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131r: dini bir mutabakat, bu mutabakat temelinde birlik olu\u015fturma ve bu mutabakat\u0131 toplumsa alanda ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmeyi onaylama. Dini cemaat mensuplar\u0131n\u0131n hepsinin ayn\u0131 mezhebe\/dine mensup olmalar\u0131 gerekmez. Demokratik bir i\u00e7yap\u0131 da kendi davran\u0131\u015f bi\u00e7imini tayin hakk\u0131 nedeniyle talep edilemez.<\/p>\n<p>Yenero\u011flu \u00e7at\u0131 kurulu\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n dini cemaat olup olamayaca\u011f\u0131 sorusunun cevab\u0131n\u0131n ise Federal \u0130dare Mahkemesi&#039;nin (BVerwG) 23.02.2005 tarihli karar\u0131nda yatt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtti. Buna g\u00f6re birli\u011fin en alt tabakas\u0131 ger\u00e7ek ki\u015filerden olu\u015fuyorsa bir \u00e7at\u0131 kurulu\u015fu da dini cemaat olabilir. Kapsaml\u0131 dini tahakkukun gereklili\u011fi \u00e7at\u0131 kurulu\u015fu katman\u0131nda da ge\u00e7erlidir. BVerwG taraf\u0131ndan geli\u015ftirilen kriterler genel olarak de\u011fil, aksine yaln\u0131zca dini cemaatlerin kendini kavray\u0131\u015f\u0131 ve buradan yola \u00e7\u0131karak dini ya\u015fam\u0131n konumland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 olarak tart\u0131\u015f\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n<p>Yenero\u011flu, Federal \u0130dare Mahkemesi&#039;nin (BVerwG) kriterlerini IGMG&#039;ye uyarlayarak, IGMG&#039;nin a\u00e7\u0131k bir \u015fekilde dini cemaat oldu\u011funu belirtti. Yenero\u011flu son olarak devlet ile i\u015fbirli\u011fi sorununa de\u011finerek, farkl\u0131 i\u015fbirli\u011fi imk\u00e2nlar\u0131 ile bu imk\u00e2nlar\u0131n ko\u015fullar\u0131 ve neticelerinden bahsetti.<\/p>\n<p>Abdulgani Engin Karahan &#8220;Bug\u00fcn pratikte kurumsalla\u015fma&#8221;\u009d konulu sunumunda farkl\u0131 eyaletlerdeki inisiyatifleri ele alarak, bunlar\u0131n Yenero\u011flu&#039;nun sayd\u0131\u011f\u0131 kriterlere uygunlu\u011funu s\u0131nad\u0131. Eyaletlerde, dini cemaat oldu\u011fu iddias\u0131nda bir\u00e7ok inisiyatifin bulundu\u011funu belirten Karahan, bu inisiyatiflerin t\u00fcz\u00fckleri, g\u00f6revleri, hedefleri ve ortaya koydu\u011fu faaliyetleri bak\u0131m\u0131ndan ger\u00e7ekten dini bir cemaatin ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirip ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmediklerini inceledi.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <\/p>\n<p>Karahan bu noktada dini cemaatlerin yaln\u0131zca pratik nedenlerle de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnsel nedenlerle i\u015fbirli\u011fi i\u00e7erisinde olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini vurgulad\u0131. \u00d6zellikle dini cemaatin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ba\u011flam\u0131nda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan \u00e7o\u011fu alanda uzla\u015f\u0131msal \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlerin gereklili\u011finin alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izdi. Aksi halde d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmeden at\u0131lan ad\u0131mlar\u0131n di\u011fer eyaletler ve \u00f6zellikle Almanya&#039;da ya\u015fayan M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n gelece\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan ciddi sonu\u00e7lar do\u011furabilece\u011fini belirtti.<\/p>\n<p>Karahan ayr\u0131ca M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n kurumsalla\u015fmas\u0131nda bug\u00fcne kadar ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan eksikliklere de\u011findi. Bu alandaki akt\u00f6rlerin s\u00fcrekli olarak bu konularla me\u015fgul olmak zorunda olmalar\u0131na ra\u011fmen, \u00e7o\u011fu zaman dini anayasa hukuku ve geli\u015fimi \u00fczerine esasl\u0131 bir bilgi eksikli\u011fi oldu\u011funu belirten Karahan, toplum i\u00e7erisinde sek\u00fclerizm, laiklik ve dinin yeri sorununun yeterli derecede ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ifade etti.<\/p>\n<p>Zorluklar\u0131n yaln\u0131zca M\u00fcsl\u00fcman kesim taraf\u0131ndan kaynaklanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, politika ve y\u00f6netim taraf\u0131ndan da ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 bir kurumsalla\u015fmay\u0131 zorla\u015ft\u0131ran d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce ve tav\u0131rlar\u0131n sergilendi\u011fine i\u015faret eden Karahan, politika sahas\u0131nda M\u00fcsl\u00fcman cemaatleri kendi kimlikleriyle kabul etme konusunda politik isteksizli\u011fin oldu\u011funu belirtti. Baz\u0131 eyalet y\u00f6netimlerinin hukuken dini cemaat olarak &#8220;tan\u0131nmalar\u0131&#8221;\u009d i\u00e7in ne kanunen ne de mahkeme karar\u0131yla \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclmeyen baz\u0131 \u015fartlarda \u0131srarc\u0131 olduklar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyen Karahan, baz\u0131 e\u011fitim bakanl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n da devlet ve kilise ayr\u0131m\u0131na ra\u011fmen Hristiyan y\u00f6netim idaresini a\u015famad\u0131klar\u0131 intibas\u0131n\u0131 b\u0131rakt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 belirtti. (yza)<span lang=\"TR\"><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&#8220;Almanya&#8217;da M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n Kurumsalla\u015fmas\u0131&#8221;\u009d isimli \u00f6zel toplant\u0131 serisinin ilki IGMG Genel Sekreterli\u011fi taraf\u0131ndan Kerpen&#8217;de d\u00fczenlendi. Toplant\u0131da &#8220;Teori ve Pratikte Dini Cemaatler&#8221;\u009d konusu ele al\u0131nd\u0131.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0},"categories":[23238,24,23262],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.igmg.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8662"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.igmg.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.igmg.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.igmg.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.igmg.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8662"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.igmg.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8662\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.igmg.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8662"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.igmg.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8662"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.igmg.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8662"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}